Woodwind Doubler Census results, part 5: challenges

Back for more, I see? Thanks to all who are still reading results from the Great Woodwind Doubler Census of 2011. At this point we are getting into some more of the questions with free-form answers, and I think your responses are really interesting.

Q: What is your greatest challenge as a woodwind doubler?

I categorized the answers as best I could, with many of your responses falling into multiple categories. Here are some of the most common issues raised:

By far, the most common issue reported was finding the time to practice multiple instruments—I’ll reveal that this was my own answer, as well.

Flute-specific problems were also frequently mentioned, with oboe, clarinet, and bassoon appearing lower on the list (the saxophone got only a mention or two). I do think that the flute as a double has some particular challenges, but, as we know, it’s also one of the most common doubles. It would be interesting to assemble a group of doublers who play all five major woodwinds at a somewhat equal level, and take a poll to see which instrument they think is the biggest challenge.

11% of respondents to this question mentioned embouchure issues. That made it the third-most-frequent response category, but still not an overwhelming number. I’m pleased to see this number come in fairly low, as it has been something of a soapbox topic for me that playing multiple instruments, done right, doesn’t ruin your embouchure. (To be clear, the 11% number includes those who mentioned any kind of embouchure issue, not necessarily actual embouchure ruination.)

A number of people mentioned the problem of making fast switches between instruments in performance. Almost as many specifically mentioned the problem of trying to play instruments at a sufficiently high level; this idea may be implicit in many additional responses.

A few mentioned the problem of establishing a reputation as a competent/professional musician on more than one instrument, and overcoming the doubler/dabbler stereotype. I think this is a real problem—how many times have you been asked, “But what’s your main instrument?”

And now, in random order, all the responses, mostly unedited.

  • Pricey.
  • flexibilty as to various musical styles
  • Finding time to maintain skill levels across the various families of instruments.
  • Letting go of the ego long enough on a “double” to allow my skills to take over rather than my doubts!
    Pitch on the 3rd octave of the flute, oboe reeds, jazz improvisation.
  • Switching to flute
  • 1. Having time to practice both of my primary instruments. I am a high school student( age 15) and have tons of homework.
    2. Convincing the directors at my youth orchestra that I am a serious oboe player. Even though I am the best oboe player in the orchestra (I am going to [music camp] this summer), they can’t get over the fact that I can also play alto sax very well and bassoon. They wouldn’t let me play the sax solo in Pictures at an Exhibition even though I was better than the player they found.
  • Finding a gig.
  • Putting up with the old-school jazz guys who think they’re amazing but play the flute (clar/oboe/god forbid, bassoon) like drunk high school kids.
  • Unability to find a degree that supports multiple instruments.
  • Purchasing the professional quality instruments I double on.
  • Some touring broadway show books such as West Side Story bk 4, Young Frankenstein bk3, Spamalot bk2, Legally Blonde bk2, Producers bk4
  • Finding musicians interested in collaborating in my preferred style (jazz).
  • Being good enough on all nstruments .
  • As someone that started on saxophone, I find the following issues most challenging as a woodwind doubler:
    – Conserving my air and limiting my voicing while playing clarinet in order to avoid the occasional ‘scoop’
    – Making sure that my lower lip is rolled out, and that my aperture is not too small while playing flute
    – Oboe reed making
  • Greatest challenge is shifting mindset (and lipset!) between the two instruments
  • The oboe. It’s really frustrating.
  • Oboe…..Oboe Reeds….or just Oboe in general
  • Getting to, and maintaining, a reasonable standard of playing on all instruments
  • As a double-reed specialist. staying on top of making quality reeds for both instruments. One week it’s principal oboe on Marriage of Figaro, and I have to be making oboe reeds, but then the very next week is bassoon on Rite of Spring and I have to be prepared for that also.
  • Trying to sound like every instrument in my arsenal could be my primary.
  • remembering the name/location of keys in the low part of clarinet. Proper playing above high C on Clarinet. Extreme upper range on sax. Switching from oboe/English Horn to Flute. Quick switches to piccolo from any instrument.
  • Keeping all my instruments in shape and getting around to working on all of them.
  • Finding time to hold down a day job and keep a regular practice routine on this many instruments.
  • The greatest challenge is budgeting time. Each time doing one thing takes time away from something else, so you have to prioritize what is the most important. This is especially hard when balancing jazz and classical music or composition as well.
  • Finding time to actually play all those instruments…much less keep up on them!
  • Remembering the alternative fingers across the instruments i.e. F# is not the same on Flute and Clarinet etc
  • Keeping up with everything that goes into each instrument. Like I’m strong with flute and saxophone, but my clarinet skills could definitely be stronger.
  • Quite honestly, the expense.
    Even with a ‘day job’ and a steady amount of theater gigs, it is really difficult to have all the equipment I need (reeds, horns, etc), and in good working order. I’ve had to sell two of my horns and ‘downgrade’ so I could afford to pay rent or buy other equipment. It is heartbreaking at times.
    Also, it has caused me to turn away a few gigs for just oboe/English horn because I don’t own and English horn – despite the fact I studied oboe primarily in college, and spent the last two years of my degree playing English horn extensively (and almost exclusively)
  • Divided attention. With limited time, can I really develop meaningful skills on more than one instrument? (I play piano too).
  • EMBROUCHURE DIFFERENCES
  • practice time
  • Finding time to keep at least functional chops on multiple horns(and not incur the wrath of family/significant other).
  • practice time
  • sometimes changing out instruments during musicals
  • Keeping a soloist level on all instruments.
  • My greatest challenge is finding the time to practice all of my woodwinds. I am interested in so many things that I overbook myself and eventually have to go into “survival mode” with practicing for just the next gig(s)/lesson(s). I often wish that I could play just one family of instruments (for example, just clarinets), but then I realize that I wouldn’t be able to do as much cool stuff—like play in the sax section of a jazz ensemble.
  • Fingerings! I have moments where I just forget what instrument I’m playing and try to use flute fingerings.
  • More stuff to schlep around and possibly forget
  • playing the clarinet. I came from flute to reeds, so the saxophone seemed natural. The clarinet is harder for me, especially the higher it goes.
  • fingerings!
  • getting a good flute sound
  • Stupid Clarinet fingerings below the break
  • Practicing everything.
  • Finding the time to practice them all every day.
  • intonation
    bassoon fingering
  • Getting a good flute tone and playing low notes are difficult after having played a single reed instrument, especially clarinet.
  • Oboe to pic in a musical
  • Clarinet fingerings & flute embouchure!
  • Maintaining my proficiency during the “off-season.”
  • I’m having difficulty finding the time or even the drive to learn to play the flute. I’ve done a few shows with minimal amount , but I prefer a very tiny amount, as I don’t feel strong enough yet. Ideal would be playing a 2nd flute part.
  • Buying/transporting quality instruments, embouchure changes, and clef changes.
  • Raising the standard of my doubles to that of my primary instrument.
  • Keeping up with all the instruments; not letting my attention on any one fall to a less-than-professional level.
  • Embouchure and breath control
  • Finding gigs that high school students can participate in, in my area.
  • finding the time… to try and finish all the doubles practice before 12 noon and then realise i have to practice tenor saxophone
  • Occasional symphonic gigs
  • Finding the time to devote to each instrument.
  • dealing with double reeds
  • Generally, instrument switches, even within families (bass clarinet to soprano clarinet) has always been problematic for me. If I have several bars to make the mental adjustment I’m fine, however being able to pick up a cold instrument and play it well and compensate for the time it’s been sitting cooling off is difficult.
    I would have to say that of my doubles, flute is my toughest double.
  • Having reeds that play at a moment’s notice (without having to go the synthetic route)
  • Distributing my limited practice time among the doubles. Also, I am at the mercy of my unit (Army) whether I have access to double-reed instruments on which to practice. Sometimes they are available, other times not.
  • Juggling gigs.
  • Time to keep ALL the instruments at a level I wish to be at (i.e a professional level). Preferably need 10 minutes warm up to adapt to change of instrument where possible.
  • Getting time on my new instruments (flute and clarinet).
  • Finding time to practice them all.
  • The mechanical condition of my flute. It’s a real drag to play it sometimes because it feels so bad. I don’t have enough time between gigs to take it into the shop for the amount of work it needs.
  • Keeping skills at a high level
  • None – it’s all fun
  • Keeping everything (insts and reeds) in working order, having everything feel comfortable enough that I can pick it up on a moments notice and play
  • Continuing to improve on everything—it’s agonizingly slow. Also, being taken seriously by the “jazz cats” who turn into neurotic crybabies whenever they see a clarinet double in a big band book.
    Oh yeah… it’s also expensive.
  • Keeping my “doubles” sounding presentable!
  • Time management.
  • Forcing myself to work on the basics for each instrument to play each of them at the highest level possible.
  • Vibrato between instruments.
  • Being prepared to play any of them on a gig on short notice.
  • Affording all of the instruments needed.
    getting time to practice all the instruments
  • finding the time to practice everything, i still have to concentrate on highschool
  • Affording the equipment, always looking to expand but restricted by finances, having the time to keep all of them up.
  • Keeping all my many doubles in shape for any possible requirement.
  • Finding enough money to buy the horns!! …also, finding subs for musicals is hard in my area….lots of single instrumentalists…not a lot of doublers.
  • Changing quickly between instruments and keeping good tone and intonation across all ranges of all instruments.
  • playing the flute like a flutist
  • 3rd octave flute fingerings and embouchure. The hard work to get flute to the same level as saxophone. (Not there yet!)
  • Maintaining a high standard on all 3 “main” doubling instruments is very challenging, given my lack of available practice time. Embouchure changes, some quite drastic, are also difficult to manage.
  • Anything on clarinet!
  • Transitioning between instruments – I also play french horn, percussion and electric bass.
  • Being recognized as a true doubler, not just a clarinet player who can play the flute as well.
  • The cost to buy and maintain quality instruments. Oh and finding time to practice everything.
  • Splitting practice time between instruments. Also owning and maintenance of good equipment.
  • not as many classical gigs as I’d like
  • reeds
  • playing the flute
  • Unable to practice with the limited time I have.
  • getting the gig
  • Trying to deal with bassoon parts
  • to perform all woodwind parts of “peter and the wolf” from Prokoviev
  • Maintaining proficiency on the instruments I don’t consider “primary” especially since I don’t own many of the ones I have been asked to double on.
  • finding time to practice!
  • Time. Because with more doubles means more practicing, I have to have a really clear and efficient practice routine in order to accomplish everything I want to.
  • So far, my greatest challenge is managing the time and consistency in doubling. With several performances and work-related things taking up my time, it is difficult to maintain a great practice schedule for flute, oboe, clarinet, bassoon, and saxophone. Also, I find myself currently slipping into bad habits of inconsistency in my embouchure due to a lack of focus and a lack of truly feeling comfortable with doubling at the collegiate level. I have noticed great improvements in consistency when I stop and think before I play and become a flute player for the moment, instead of a saxophone player playing flute.
  • Keeping the secondary and ‘tertiary’ instrument up to par when there are few gigs on them.
  • Instrumentally, learning to get good at flute to the capacity of my other woodwinds. Economically, the fact that, as a bassoon doubler, many musicals will cut funding for lower chairs, rather than hire a full reed section.
  • Getting jobs with the right instrumentation
  • working on tone
  • Lip swelling
  • Getting a professional sound on all the instruments.
  • Maintenance of all instruments. Also, quick changing. I hate going from any reed instrument to flute, and have difficulty doing it well.
  • Keeping up with reed purchases and instrument maintenance for all the instruments.
  • For people to understand that playing many instruments does not make me less good at any of them.
  • Equality in dexterity on the less familiar.
  • time to work on double, frustration of being less proficient on the double
  • Convincing people that I play more than the instrument I majored in during college and finding time to practice all that I would like to.
  • Keeping up with maintainence and keeping enough good reeds in working order.
  • Balancing reed making with practice time between 3 “primary” instruments and 2 “secondary” instruments, let alone multiple adjunct positions and a bunch of students!
  • Being asked to play oboe in public. Retaining a decent flute embouchure for when it’s needed, but only picking up the instrument once a week for a few minutes.
  • I find it difficult to shift embouchures quickly, maintain a good sound on all instruments, and sight-read in registers with noticeably different fingerings.
  • Rotation of practice time.
  • Getting enough space to set up instruments in a comfortable configuration. Having time to swop instruments. Adjusting embouchure for some of the more extreme changes eg baritone sax to piccolo!!
  • quick embouchure changes
  • The embouchure change. By this point in my career I can read all the different cleffs and the fingerings are fine. However, my stamina on the bassoon is no where near as good as on the clarinet, simply because the two embouchures are completely different.
  • Coming from a background of clarinet as my primary instrument and learning to create an effective and natural vibrato on the flute and saxophone
  • Having enough time to keep up with everything. Sometimes you just have to work on what’s coming next and let some of the other stuff slide for a bit.
  • Moving from a double reed or flute embouchure to a saxophone or clarinet embouchure. Also, getting enough practice time on each instrument.
  • Consistent quick changes and sounding well. Leaders not understanding of the writing challenges given to doublers.
  • Allocating practice time.
  • keeping all horns up to speed and being able to go out on a moments notice on any instrument.
  • Practicing both instruments enough. It’s tempting to practice each instrument less when you play more instruments, but this inevitably means that you don’t end up playing them as well as you otherwise would.
  • Having enough time to keep the skills on all the instruments up to an acceptable level.
  • Buying so many high-quality instruments and keeping up on them; becoming known as a doubler and not just a clarinetist.
  • Maintaining the standard. And affording instruments, there’s always another one to buy, right?
  • REEDS!
  • Trying to add other instruments into the mix.
  • Cold instruments after long intervals of not being played.
  • Practice time
  • Carrying cases/stands and keeping in practice.
  • Keeping instruments warm.
  • Remembering all of the little difference between each one. I teach woodwind methods, so keeping all of that straight in my mind is paramount.
  • Finding work that doesn’t go outside of my doubling range.
  • Finding time to practice with a 2 year old!
  • Keeping up all the doubles!
  • The ever increasing “quick-change” in the scored music for pit orchestra.
    Being given less and less time to “set” myself for a change in instruments.
  • To be able to change from one instrument to another without having it result in a bad sound. For example, when I change from clarinet to flute my sound tends to be too closed, because I forget to loosen my lip tension.
  • swapping between instruments
  • Keeping it all up to marketable standards.
  • sight reading
  • Maintaining my chops on all instruments in my “arsenal” — day job (music educator teaching bowed string instruments to 4th, 5th, and 6th graders) helps create this challenge.
  • Getting regular practice time on each instrument.
  • Lack of time to practice everything.
  • Maintaining Flute/Picc chops. Anything involving the double reeds.
  • Keeping up on doubles. Life is finite.
  • mouthpieces , reeds and instruments
  • Keeping in practice on everything. Also keeping up enough practice on the clarinet, my main instrument. And keeping everything in repair, reeds etc.
  • Remaining proficient on more than one instrument.
  • Embouchure strength and not ruining ability on the primary instrument
  • keeping up with my other instruments.
  • Trying to pratice all of the instruments as it takes longer to practice multiple instruments
  • Switching instantly and adjusting to embouchure.
  • My biggest challenge and goal is having whatever instrument I’m playing feel as comfortable as my “primary” horn, even if I don’t consider it to be.
  • finding time to practice everything
  • practicing all the various instruments
  • maintaining flute embouchure while playing reeds a lot.
  • finding/making time to practice

Similar Posts

  • Stop teaching clarinet and saxophone embouchures like this

    As a ten-year-old beginning saxophonist, I was taught to form an embouchure like this:

    • Put your top teeth on the mouthpiece
    • Let your lower lip sort of roll or squish over your lower teeth
    • Close your mouth

    That’s how I played for years. As I advanced and started to practice more, I would sometimes hurt the inside of my lower lip, drawing blood or forming blisters or scar tissue. I considered this a badge of honor: I practiced until I bled.

    But I don’t play that way anymore, nor do I teach students that way. I made an important change to my embouchure that lets me play for extended periods pain- and blood-free, while sounding better and having more control.

    The problem with the lower-lip-over-the-teeth approach is that it sets the lower lip up to serve as a sacrificial cushion, to protect the reed from the lower teeth. Sure, you can just tell your students to “stop biting,” but if you’re teaching them an embouchure that’s based on biting, then good luck.

    It’s more useful to think of the embouchure this way:

    • Put your top teeth on the mouthpiece
    • Let your jaw hang open a bit, so your lower teeth stay clear of the reed
    • Keep your jaw open, and allow your lips to close around the mouthpiece and reed.

    This approach makes sure the lips are used to form the embouchure, not the jaw. It improves tone, response, dynamic range, and more, and virtually eliminates lower lip pain.

    Left: jaw-formed clarinet embouchure. Right: lip-formed clarinet embouchure.

    If you are used to a jaw-formed embouchure concept, you might find that switching to the lip-formed embouchure leaves you feeling like you’ve lost some control of pitch and tone. If so, double-check your breath support; with the jaw out of the way you will need to depend on those support muscles more for stability.

    Don’t play through pain—use a better approach.

  • Woodwind instrument “care kits” are bad news

    Congratulations on your new student-level flute, oboe, clarinet, bassoon, or saxophone! Your music store’s friendly sales associate (or your online retailer’s auto-suggest software) is probably insisting that you purchase a “care kit” as well. This kit ostensibly contains all the items you need to keep your new instrument working well and looking shiny. I recommend that you do not buy it, because it is, at best, a waste of your money, and, at worst, a hazard to the instrument’s wellbeing.

    photo, Greg Williams
    photo, Greg Williams

    Here are some of the items that frequently appear in these terrible kits:

    • Polishing cloths. Chemicals or polishes (liquid or embedded in cloths) can gum up pads and mechanisms. Students can “polish” their instruments with a soft, dry cloth, like a piece of an old t-shirt. Your repairperson can remove the keys and do a more thorough polishing safely.
    • Swabs. Woodwind instruments should definitely have swabs, but beware the kinds in these kits.
      Silk is preferable for pull-through swabs (oboe, clarinet, bassoon, saxophone) because it is absorbent and compressible, so it’s less likely to get stuck inside the instrument than a cheaper felt swab. Even for a student instrument, it’s worth a few extra dollars to get silk.

      "headjoint swabs"
      “headjoint swabs”

      For flutes, avoid “headjoint swabs” that are little oddly-shaped pieces of chamois (or a synthetic version), unless you want to have to fish them out of the headjoint every time you try to use them. Instead, use the cleaning rod that came with the flute, plus a strip of fabric cut from an old bed sheet.
      The fuzzy “cleaning” brushes that look like giant pipe cleaners, that you insert and leave inside the instrument, do exactly the wrong thing by keeping all the moisture inside the instrument, instead of wiping it out like a good swab does.

    • Cork grease. Yes, for instruments with parts that friction-fit together with cork, such as clarinets, oboes, and saxophones. Flutes don’t have any corked joints (though some piccolos do). Some bassoons have corked fittings, but some have thread wrappings instead. Use cork grease on cork only—never on thread-wrapped or metal-to-metal joints.
    • Screwdrivers. Yikes! Woodwind instruments often have “adjustment” screws. Bored students and well-meaning dads can’t resist just tightening everything up, just to make sure. This leaves the instrument in unplayable condition, and only a professional can put those adjustment screws back just right.
    • Reed guards/cases. Yes! Keeping reeds in one of these generally keeps them intact and in playing condition for longer than the disposable ones that the reeds come in. Those little plastic or cardboard sleeves that clarinet and saxophone reeds come in don’t keep them flat when they dry. And oboe and bassoon reeds often come in tubes that are too flimsy for regular use, or hinged plastic cases that come apart in the instrument’s case, leaving the reeds to bounce around unprotected.
    • Mouthpiece brushes. These are basically little vegetable brushes, with scratchy synthetic bristles and the dreaded twisted-wire core, much too aggressive for cleaning clarinet and saxophone mouthpieces. Instead, try a gentle rinse with room-temperature water and a drop of mild dish detergent. Stephen Howard’s vinegar-and-cotton method is good for occasional deeper cleanings.
    • Neck or bocal brushes. Probably too aggressive for use on these particularly delicate and crucial instrument parts. Plus, a strong risk of getting something stuck.
    • “Tone hole cleaners.” These are usually garden-variety pipe cleaners. Tone hole cleaning isn’t a task for beginners to do. The pipe cleaners’ twisted-wire cores can damage toneholes, the instrument’s bore, or pads.
    • “Pad papers.” It’s really tempting to use a lot of pressure with these, which can distort pads and cause leaks. Some are coated with a powder—these operate on the same principle as getting some gum stuck on your shoe, then stepping in some dirt so the gum won’t keep sticking to the sidewalk when you walk.Pad papers and other powder treatments should be an emergency treatment applied wisely and carefully by a knowledgeable musician, not a daily treatment applied badly by a student.
    • Key-dusting brushes. Gently removing some dust from the instrument’s mechanism isn’t an all-bad idea, but be advised that it’s easy to knock springs and things out of place. The brushes in these kits usually have twisted-wire cores, which can scratch instruments’ finishes. Instead, consider using cheap kids’ watercolor paintbrushes. Or, even better, make sure the instrument gets professional maintenance and cleaning at least once a year.
    • Key oil. No, no, no. This is a job for a professional to do. Besides, the kind in these care kits is usually cheap 3-in-1-type oil. Even if applied properly, it tends to drip back out of the keywork onto fingers, or worse, pads.
    • Bore oil. Absolutely not. Using this at all (only in wooden instruments) is controversial. When you bring it in for its annual maintenance, your repairperson can apply bore oil properly and safely if they deem it necessary. (My opinion: if in doubt, don’t bother.)
    • Care manuals. These are generally provided to justify the other items in the care kit.

    Skip the care kit—they are a way for retailers to squeeze a few more dollars out of you at purchase, and then more when you bring the instrument back in to fix the damage you have done with your brushes and oils and screwdrivers.

  • Recommended: Jeanjean “Vade-Mecum” du Clarinettiste

    Lately I’ve been doing some clarinet work out of the Jeanjean Vade-Mecum. The title page translates charmingly to:

    “Vade-Mecum” of the Clarinet-player

    6 SPECIAL STUDIES

    to

    render the fingers and tongue rapidly supple

    But this is what really sold me:

    NOTICE

    The aim of these 6 standard-studies (combining the essential parts generally contained in several exercise books) is to prepare instrumentalists in a very short space of time (about 1/2 hour) when, due to their occupations, they are not able to devote the time necessary for developed exercises and must nevertheless be ready to execute difficult passages, from the standpoint of lips, tongue and fingers.

    The movements to which these Studies oblige the clarinet-player to submit will rapidly overcome those imperfections, the diminution or the passing weakness that might result from either fatigue or irregularity of technical work.

    “…not able to devote the time necessary … and must nevertheless be ready to execute difficult passages…” This, in a nutshell, is the quandary of the woodwind doubler. Read More “Recommended: Jeanjean “Vade-Mecum” du Clarinettiste”

  • Ask yourself these questions before becoming a woodwind doubler

    For me, there was a point in my education and career when I decided that I was a woodwind doubler, or at least that I was going to be one. Prior to that decision, I had really identified as a saxophonist, or maybe a saxophonist who doubled a little on the side.

    If you are thinking that serious woodwind doubling—committing to playing several instruments at the highest possible level—might be your thing, then I suggest you ask yourself these questions:

    • Am I willing to commit major practice time to each instrument?
    • Am I willing to accept a slower rate of improvement and/or more extensive practice routine than I would if I remained committed to a single instrument?
    • Am I willing to sacrifice or at least postpone some high-level performance goals on my primary instrument in order to devote time to my secondary instruments?
    • Do I have the resources and/or financial discipline to accumulate the necessary high-quality instruments and other equipment?
    • Do I have the guts to perform on instruments that aren’t my strongest one(s)?
    • Am I genuinely interested in and motivated by each of the instruments I intend to play?
    Photo, stonelucifer
    Photo, stonelucifer

    If you answered “no” to one or more, then you might be happier and more successful maintaining a single “primary” instrument, and taking a more casual approach to doubling. Or you may not have fully come to terms yet with the realities of woodwind doubling. Playing any one instrument well requires non-trivial investment of time and money, and very little of that can be truly recycled for a second instrument: if it takes you 10,000 practice hours to achieve your goals on your first instrument, expect to take another 10,000 to achieve the same goals on another.

    There are of course many advantages to woodwind doubling, which I won’t rehash in depth here other than to list a few: more and/or different employment opportunities, expanded musical experiences, and, for some, great fun. But it’s not for everyone (probably not for most people). If your answer is “yes” to each of the questions above, then carve out some extra practice time, start saving your pennies, and clear your calendar for some new opportunities.

  • Report: International Clarinet Association “ClarinetFest” 2014

    I got to attend this year’s International Clarinet Association conference (“ClarinetFest”) on the Louisiana State University campus in Baton Rouge.

    The conference started on a sad note, as a car accident claimed the lives of two clarinetists on their way to represent Baylor University, and injured two others. In their memory, many of the conference attendees wore ribbons in Baylor green during the week. Many of the conference events began with a moment of silence.

    clarinetfest-badge

    The conference was, as always, packed with events, sometimes with three or four venues active at the same time, starting Wednesday afternoon and continuing through Sunday afternoon. The first few days were unseasonably cool and pleasant, but the Louisiana heat and humidity came back in time for the weekend.

    I went to more recitals than I can remember or do justice to here, with outstanding and varied performances by clarinetists from around the world. Many of the recitals were listed as “lagniappe” programs, featuring several soloists or groups each playing a work or two. (For more details, try the ClarinetFest blog, which has many reports on individual events.)

    I also attended a number of lectures and workshops, opting mostly for those related to movement and health (an area I would like to improve in my teaching), but also a few based on the 2014 theme of “The Clarinetist as Entrepreneur.” Another particular highlight was a panel discussion featuring Stanley and Naomi Drucker, Lawrence Sobol, and Larry Combs telling stories from their careers. And I gave a presentation on woodwind doubling in the 21st century (more details in another blog post).

    L-R: Stanley Drucker, Naomi Drucker, Lawrence Sobol, Larry Combs.

    The exhibit halls were filled with the sounds of clarinetists trying out new instruments and accessories. I picked up a few items, at least one of which I hope to review here soon.

    I participated in a clarinet choir made up of around 50 clarinet professors, which was a nice chance to meet some colleagues.

    Each of the evening concerts was a highlight. Wednesday’s program was clarinet works with a chamber orchestra, Thursday featured jazz clarinetists, Friday was chamber music featuring the clarinet, and Saturday was concerti with a full orchestra.

    Clarinetists (L-R) Gregory Agid, Harry Skoler, Felix Peikli, and Evan Christopher performing with the ClarinetFest rhythm section at the Thursday night jazz concert.

    As expected, ClarinetFest 2014 was an excellent and inspiring experience, but also exhausting. It would be okay with me if in the future some of the evening concerts got trimmed a little for length—3+ hours is a lot of clarinet when it follows a full day of recitals and masterclasses, and the next day starts bright and early.

    ClarinetFest 2015 will be held next July in Madrid, Spain.

  • Flexible EWI fingerings

    With traditional woodwind instruments, the fingers work together to change the effective length of the instrument’s body tube by opening and closing toneholes. Woodwind fingerings at their most basic use the fingers in sequence. For example, a certain note might be produced with an “open” fingering (all toneholes open). When the “first” finger (the one closest to the mouthpiece) closes a hole, the pitch drops, perhaps by a whole step. Adding the next farther finger drops the pitch again, and so on toward the bell end of the instrument.

    “Forked” fingerings, in which a lower tonehole is closed while one above it is open, often produce somewhat inferior results—notes that are mismatched in timbre and/or intonation. (Some modern woodwinds use special mechanisms to correct for this, such as the F resonance mechanism on a high-quality oboe.)

    An electronic woodwind-style instrument, such as the Akai EWI series, uses a fingering system that is designed to be similar to a traditional woodwind, so that a traditional woodwind player can easily adapt to it. But this is an arbitrary choice. Since the instrument’s tone production system uses electronic circuitry and software, rather than a vibrating air column, the fingering system don’t necessarily have to use the fingers in sequence, and forked fingerings don’t have any inherent problems. The fingerings can be invented completely from scratch, with no acoustical limitations.

    EWI fingerings are designed to draw upon the best of both worlds—the familiarity of traditional woodwind fingerings, and the flexibility of a non-acoustical fingering system.

    Note that the current-model EWI4000s, using version 2.4 of the operating system, includes several fingering modes. The mode I am considering here is the “EWI” mode, as the “flute,” “oboe,” and “saxophone” modes sacrifice some flexibility for the sake of increased familiarity to traditional woodwind players. You might consider this article to be subtitled, “Why you should be using the ‘EWI’ fingering mode.”

    The current manual (“revision D”) shows a mere 17 fingerings in its EWI mode fingering chart (11 chromatic pitches, with B-flat through D having fingerings in two octaves, and B-flat having one additional alternate fingering). But many, many more are possible.

    We can consider the individual EWI keys as having individual functions, rather than being inherently interdependent. For example, pressing none of the keys produces a C-sharp:

    C-sharp

    Adding any key will alter the C-sharp pitch by a given amount:

    key pitch change
    (in semitones)
    exceptions
    LH 1 -2
    LH bis -1 If both LH 1 and LH 2 are pressed, LH bis has no effect
    LH 2 -2 If LH 1 is not pressed, LH2 produces -1 (this makes LH middle finger C possible)
    LH 3 -2
    LH pinky 1 +1
    LH pinky 2 -1
    RH side +1 No effect when used in combination with LH pinky 1
    RH 1 -2 If LH 3 is not pressed, RH1 produces -1 (this makes 1 + 1 B-flat possible)
    RH 2 -1
    RH 3 -2
    RH pinky 1 +1
    RH pinky 2 -1
    RH pinky 3 -2

    If I press LH 1, LH 2, and LH 3, the pitch is lowered from C-sharp by a total of 6 semitones, producing the G fingering familiar to saxophonists, oboists, flutists, and clarinetists.

    But that is only one possible combination. I could also produce a G with, for example, LH 1, LH 2, and RH 3. Or LH 3, LH pinky 2, RH 1, and RH pinky 2. These fingerings would be extremely unlikely to work on a traditional woodwind, but with the EWI the possibilities are wide open. As long as the total pitch change adds up to -6 (and accounting for any of the listed exceptions), you get a G.

    Standard G fingering.(LH 1 + LH 2 + LH 3) = (-2 + -2 + -2) = -6 = G One alternative G fingering.(LH 1 + LH 2 + RH 3) = (-2 + -2 + -2) = -6 = G Another alternative G.(LH 3 + LH pinky 2 + RH 1 + RH pinky 2) = (-2 + -1 + -2 + -1) = -6 = G

    These examples are illustrative but likely have few real-world applications. For a more practical example, consider trills, which among traditional woodwind players are a subject of endless discussion and books upon books of awkward, complicated fingerings. An ideal trill fingering involves moving only one finger, preferably one that can be moved in a rapid, controlled, non-awkward way. Continue reading for a musical example and sound clip →

One Comment

  1. This was very informative to me. I am principally a clarinetist who ahas recently begun playing oboe. I also can play the bassoon. Thank you.

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